Incinerator for garbage, excrement, &amp;c.



A. L. SOHBLLHAMMER. INGINBRATOR FOR GARBAGE, EXOREMENT, &o.

APPLICATION FILED JULY725, 1910.

1,092,080., Patented Mar.31,1914.

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A. L. SOHELLHAMMER. INGINBRATOR FOR GARBAGE, EXGREMENT, 6m.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFTQE.

ALFRED Il- SCHELLI-IAMMEB,

0F WARREN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB TO UNITED STATES INGINERLATOB COMPANY,OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

INCINEBJATOR FOR GARBAGE, EXCBEMENT, 8w.

Patented Mar. 3t, 1914.

Original application filed September 3, 1909, Serial No. 516,062.Divided and this application filed July 25, 1910. Serial No. 573,627.

To (ZZZ- whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALFRED L. ScrInLL-HAMMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at "Warren, in thecounty of \Varren and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Incinerator-s for Garbage, Excrement, &c., ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in incinerators for the disposal ofgarbage, eX- crement, and other matter, the presence of which would leadto unsanitary conditions and become dangerous to health.

This application is a division of my application, Serial No. 516,062,filed September 33, 1909.

The primary obj set of my invention is to provide a simple, incineratorfor the purpose mentioned, which could be constructed for permanent usein allplaces where sewers do not exist, particularly for private andboarding houses, hotels, factories, and other structures in suburban orcountry locations; also for temporary use in portable form for camps, orwhere a large number of persons are employed in the construction ofroads, canals and other improvements, and wherever the disposal ofgarbage, excrement, and other matter by incineration may be found desirable.

Another object of my invention is to so construct an incinerator thatall obnoxious matter may be effectively disposed of in a quick andconvenient manner without the escape of offensive odors.

l/Vith these and other objects in view, this invention consists in theconstruction, arrangement, and combination of parts to be hereinafterdescribed and particularly pointed out in the subjoined claims.

In the drawings,Figure 1 is a front elevation of an incineratorembodying my in vention. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of thesame. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section, taken on line 3-3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4:is a horizontal section, taken on line 4:'4: Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is ahorizontal section, taken on line 55, Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a sectionalelevation showing in detail the manner of supporting and adjusting theclosure plate of the draft box.

Referring now to the drawings in detail,

efficient and inexpensive like letters of reference refer to like partsin the several figures.

Thereference letter A designates a metal- 110 cas1ng having at its lowerend an ash-pit B which may be provided with a door 5 through which ashescan be removed. Above the ash-pit is a fire-chamber C having an upperand a lower portion, the lower port1on having sloping side wallsseparated from the casing by an intervening space 0. Said fire-chamberhas grate-bars 0 to which access can be had for shaking them through anopening closed by a door 0 The casing is preferably cylindrical from thebottom to the upper end of the firechamber and from approximately suchpoint it is of oval or other elongated formation in cross-section sothat it overhangs the lower cylindrical portion at diametricallyopposite points, forming substantially a casing having an enlarged upperend. The lower end of the laterally-extending portion of the casing isclosed by sloping walls D and where the latter meet the upper end of thelower cylindrical portion, an upwardly-extending cylindrical flange E isprovided which forms the inner walls of two overflow receptacles Eprovided for a purpose to appear hereinafter and the upper portion ofthe wall of the fire chamber. Although I have herein shown and describedtwo overflow receptacles, this merely results from the particular shapeof the casing. It is therefore apparent that if the casing wereotherwise shaped a single overfiow receptacle may be created or morethan two.

The upper end of the casing is closed by a wall F having a seat openingf fitted with a removable cover f and at one side near its upper end isa combined draft and smoke-box or chamber G to which is applied asmoke-pipe 9 adapted to rise to a sufiicient height to provide thenecessary draft.

Located in the combined draft and smokeboX is a horizontal wall H whichdivides the box into two parts it, h one a draftboX, the other asmoke-box. These parts are connected at one end by a passage 7L2 and inthe upper wall of the draft-box h is an air inlet opening 71. adapted atcertain times to be closed by a damper I located in the draft-box. Saiddamper comprises a closure plate '5 hinged to the upper wall of thedraft-box in rear of its inlet opening and a deflector-plate 2' hingedto the free end of said closure plate, the point of its connection tosaid closure-plate being near its inner end so that it hangs unbalancedfrom said closure-plate when the latter assumes an intermediate positionbetween that shown in full lines and that shown in dotted lines Fig. 2,thus closing communication between the smoke-pipe and the upper end ofthe casing, which condition exists until the closureplate approaches theend of its upward movement. By raising the closureplate, the passagebetween the upper wall of the draft-box and the horizontal wall H isopened, but it is restricted according to the extent to which said plateis raised. However, not until the closure-plate passes through the lastpart of its upward movement does the outer end of the deflectorplaterise from thewall H to open communication between the upper end of thecasing and the smokepipe. For the purpose of causing the deflector-plateto rise from the wall H, a lip J is provided which extends inward anddownward from the wall of the casing and is adapted to be engaged by thedeflector-plate at a point inside of its pivotal connection to saidclosure-plate, thus causing the outer or heavier end of said deflector-plate torise. For the purpose of adjusting the damper, a handleK is provided which is pivotally secured tothe closure-plate 2' and isretained in any adjusted position by teeth formed thereon, any one ofwhich is adapted to engage the wall of the inlet opening 72?. Thishandle may be otherwise constructed and attached, as various ways willsuggest themselves to hold the damper inany adjusted position.

Located in the casing A directly above the fire-pot is a pot or kettle Mfor the garbage, excrement, or other matter; it being pivotally mountedso that the contents may be dumped after incineration, or'when partlyincinerated, as may be desired. This pot or kettle is preferably of ovalformation, as shown in Fig. 3; but when the casing is shaped differentthan herein shown and described, it may be desirable to change the shapeof the kettle also. One of the pivots, marked on, is journaled to rockin the wall of the casing and the other m in the end of a conduit Nsupported by the wall of the combined draft and smoke-box. Said pivotsare, by preference, coincident with the transverse center of said pot orkettle, the

pivot m being hollow and connected to the conduit N by a coupling 0which permits rocking of said pivot. The .end of the pivot m extendsthrough the casing and its extremity is made square so that a crank (notshown) may be placed thereon to dump the pot or kettle. The conduit Nmay be con nected with a urinal or it may be used to V cends conduct anyliquid matter to the pot or V kettle.

The pot or kettle M has an outstanding flange m at its edge, which bearsagainst the underside of a plate P and against the upper side of a plateP so arranged that they close the upper end N of the casing from thespace below, yet permit the pot or kettle to be rocked to dump thecontents therefrom. These flanges do not, however, close the space N ofthe casing from, the space below in a water-tight manner, as will appearhereinafter.

The upper end of the casing is connected with the ash-pit by adraft-flue R arranged outside of the casing, and surrounding the casingis a jacket S which extends from a point approximately in line with thegrate of the firepot to the top of the casing and also surrounds thecombined draft and smo-kebox Gr forming part of said casing. The jacketS forms an air-chamber T open at its lower end, as at t, and the airentering said chamber rises therein, is heated by contact with the wallsof the casing, and enters the upper end of the latter through theinlet-opening it in the draft-box. This heated air passes over the topof the pot or kettle, carrying with it all odors and germs rising fromthe matter therein. With these odors and germs it is then drawn downthrough the draft-flue B, into the ash-pit B and asthrough the fire inthe fire-pot; all odors and germs being destroyed by the fire.

The hot gases and smoke from the fire ascend and act against the pot orkettle, but to prevent the gases from escaping directly outthrough thesmoke-box b said pot or kettle is equipped. with an outstanding flange Uarranged horizontally between its top and bottom and preferably in linewith the bottom of said draft-box. This flange acts as a bafllle-plateand extends partly around the pot or kettle so as to leave an openingonly at that end of the kettle opposite the smokebox. The hot ascendinggases are therefore compelled to travel'to the left in Fig. 2, afterstriking the bottom of the pot or kettle and its bathe-plate, and thenceto the right between said plate and the plates P, P and in contact withopposite sides of said pot or kettle, and finally, into the smoke-box7?}, from whence escape is had through the smoke-pipe.

As some matter, especially urine, will boil over the edge of the kettle,the overflow receptacles E will receive the same, and as thesereceptacles are thoroughly heated by the hot gases and flames strikingtheir inner walls, the contents will be quickly consumed. The fluidoverflowing the upper edges of the pot or kettle, escapes between theflange at the upper edge of the latter and the plates P, P due to theirnot being in watertight contact and as there must be suflicient spacebetween the adjacent ends of the plates P, P to permit the kettle to bedumped, this allows quite free escape for the fluid.

In order to accelerate the process of incineration, I preferably providea grate V between the pot or kettle and the fire-pot, and when theprocess of incineration has been carried on to a certain point thecontents of the pot or kettle may be dumped upon said grate, where theprocess will be completed in a shorter period of time than if left inthe kettle. This, however, could not well be done until the odors,germs, and moisture have been freed from the contents, as they would'becarried out through the smoke-pipe, which it is my intention to avoid bypassing such matter through the fire-pot where they will be completelyconsumed.

When it is desired to incinerate certain matters Without first passingthe fumes thereof through the fire-pot, the damper may be raised in themanner shown in dotted lines Fig. 2. When the damper is in suchposition, the odors are drawn directly out of the smoke-pipe with thesmoke and hot gases passing through the lower part of the draft-box.

If desired the air-space T may be omitted and the outer unheated airdrawn directly into the air-opening 71?, also the grate V may bedispensed with and the contents of the pot or kettle, afterincineration, dumped directly onto the fire to be consumed.

Other changes and omissions may be resorted to without departing fromthe spirit of my invention or sacrificing any of the ad vantagesthereof.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is,-

1. An incinerator comprising a casing having a seat opening in its topwall, a kettle in said casing beneath said seat opening having pivots atopposite points, one of said pivots being hollow and opening into saidkettle, a fixed liquid conduit connected to said hollow pivot andextending therefrom to a point outside of said casing, said conduitbeing connected to said hollow pivot to permit dumping of said kettle,and a fire chamber located beneath said kettle.

2. An incinerator comprising a casing having a fire chamber and acombined draft and smoke box, said draft and smoke box having adivisional wall spaced from its outer wall and forming two connectedparts arranged one above the other and an air in let opening in its topwall, a damper in the upper part of said box adapted to control saidinlet opening, a kettle supported in said casing above said firechamber, an air chamber surrounding said casing and its combined draftand smoke box and having communication with the same through saidairinlet, and a draft flue mainly outside of said air chamber connectingthe space above said kettlle with the space beneath said fire chamber,one end of said draft flue extending through said air chamber.

3. An incinerator comprising a casing having a fire chamber, a kettleabove said fire chamber in which excrementitious matter may be subjectedto heat, and a receptacle to receive the overflow from said kettleformed by the walls of said fire chamber and casing.

4. An incinerator comprising a casing having an enlarged upper portionoverhanging its lower portion, a liquid receptacle at the lower end ofsaid upper portion, a kettle supported within said casing in a planeabove said liquid receptacle and arranged to overflow thereinto, and afire chamber in the lower portion of said casing having its wallextending into said upper portion and serving as the inner wall of saidliquid receptacle, the lower end of the enlarged upper portion of saidcasing serving as the lower and outer wall of said liquid receptacle.

5. An incinerator comprising a casing having a fire-chamber, a kettlewithin said casing above said fire-chamber, and an overfiow receptaclesurrounding the upper end of said fire-chamber and adapted to receivethe overflow from said kettle.

6. An incinerator comprising a casing having a fire chamber, a kettleabove said fire chamber in which excrementitious matter may be subjectedto heat, and a receptacle to receive the overflow from said kettle whichthe walls of said fire chamber form part of.

In testimony whereof, I have affixed my signature in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

ALFRED L. SCHELLHAMMER.

Witnesses:

EMIL NEUHART, ELLA C. PLUEOKHAHN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

